VARIoT IoT vulnerabilities database

The mailguard feature in Cisco Secure PIX Firewall 5.2(2) and earlier does not properly restrict access to SMTP commands, which allows remote attackers to execute restricted commands by sending a DATA command before sending the restricted commands. Like other firewalls, the Cisco PIX Firewall implements technology that reads the contents of packets passing through it for application-level filtering. In the case of SMTP, it can be configured so only certain smtp commands can be allowed through (for example, dropping extra functionality, such as HELP or commands that could be a security concern, like EXPN or VRFY). When recieving messages, it allows all text through between "data" and "<CR><LF><CR><LF>.<CR><LF>", as this is where the body of the message would normally go and there could be words in it that are smtp commands which shouldn't be filtered. Due to the nature of SMTP and flaws in exceptional condition handling of PIX, it is reportedly possible to evade the smtp command restrictions by tricking the firewall into thinking the body of the message is being sent when it isn't. During communication with an smtp server, if the "data" command is sent before the more important information is sent, such as "rcpt to", the smtp server will return error 503, saying that rcpt was required. The firewall, however, thinks everything is alright and will let everything through until recieving "<CR><LF><CR><LF>.<CR><LF>". It is then possible for the attacker to do whatever he wishes on the email server. An old vulnerability that allowed for bypassing of SMTP content filtering has been re-introduced into PIX firmware. This vulnerability is archived in the SecurityFocus vulnerability database as Bugtraq ID: 1698

WinCOM LPD 1.00.90 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a large number of LPD options to the LPD port (515). If a user sends continuous LPD requests to the serivce on default port 515, the program will consume all available CPU usage. A restart of the service is required in order to gain normal functionality. WinCOM LPD 1.00.90 is vulnerable

Intel Express 500 series switches allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via a malformed ICMP packet, which causes the CPU to crash. The malformed packet can be sent locally or remotely and can be spoofed. In the event that the switch receives the malformed ICMP packet, it will continue to operate as a switch, however, it will lose all routing functionality and will not pick up on new connections

Vulnerability in Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service in IIS by sending it a series of malformed requests which cause INETINFO.EXE to fail, aka the "Invalid URL" vulnerability. IIS 4.0 is subject to a denial of service due to the mishandling of URL requests. This issue is a result of a flaw in Windows NT 4.0. If a remote user requests a specifically malformed URL, an invalid memory request is made by inetinfo.exe. The end result is that all system resources are used until inetinfo.exe is eventually automatically shut down by NT. A restart of the service is required in order to gain normal functionality

The web server in IPSWITCH IMail 6.04 and earlier allows remote attackers to read and delete arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) attack. IPSWITCH ships a product titled IMail, an email server for usage on NT servers serving clients their mail via a web interface. To this end the IMail server provides a web server typically running on port 8383 for it's end users to access. Via this interface users may read and send mail, as well as mail with file attachments. Certain versions of IMail do not perform proper access validation however resulting in users being able to attach files resident on the server. The net result of this is users may attach files on the server to which they should have no access. This access is limited to the user privileges which the server is being run as, typically SYSTEM. It should be noted that once a user attachs the files in question the server deletes them

Intel Express 500 series switches allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via a malformed IP packet. In order to regain functionality, the power must be disconnected and reconnected - the reset switch will not be operational. Vulnerabilities exist in the Intel Express 500 serial switch

admin.php3 in PHP-Nuke does not properly verify the PHP-Nuke administrator password, which allows remote attackers to gain privileges by requesting a URL that does not specify the aid or pwd parameter. PHP-Nuke is a website creation/maintainence tool written in PHP3. It is possible to elevate priviliges in this system from normal user to administrator due to a flaw in authentication code. The problem occurs here: $aid = variable holding author name, pwd = author password $result=mysql_query("select pwd from authors where aid='$aid'"); if(!$result) { echo "Selection from database failed!"; exit; } else { list($pass)=mysql_fetch_row($result); if($pass == $pwd) { $admintest = 1; } } First off, the code checks to make sure the query passed to mysql_query is legal. There are no checks to see whether any rows are returned (whether any authors match $aid..). Then, the password given is compared to the result of the above query. If the author doesn't match, mysql_fetch_row returns FALSE. This is where the problem occurs. A NULL string is logically equal to FALSE and thus if an empty string is supplied as password, the condition tested for above (the if($pass == $pwd)) is met and admintest is set to 1 (TRUE). The user is then able to perform all administrative functions

Vulnerabilities in IIS 4.0 and 5.0 do not properly protect against cross-site scripting (CSS) attacks. They allow a malicious web site operator to embed scripts in a link to a trusted site, which are returned without quoting in an error message back to the client. The client then executes those scripts in the same context as the trusted site, aka the "IIS Cross-Site Scripting" vulnerabilities. Microsoft IIS Has text added shtml A vulnerability exists in which an executable script can be included in an error message when a request for a file in the format is received.An arbitrary script may be executed on the user's browser. If FrontPage Server Extensions 1.2 is installed on an IIS server, IIS may return content specified by a malicious third party back to a client through the use of specially formed links. If additional text is appended to a request for shtml.dll, the server will generate an error including that text. This becomes an issue especially if the server specified in the hostile URL is a trusted site, as content from that site may then be granted a higher privilege level than usual. For example, consider a link off of a page from a hostile website: &lt;a href="http://TrustedServer/_vti_bin/shtml.dll/&lt;script&gt;Hostile Code Here&lt;/script&gt;"&gt;http://TrustedServer&lt;/a&gt;. If a user clicks on the link specified above, the script will get passed in the http request from the client to TrustedSite. TrustedSite will then return the script as part of the error message. The client, receiving the error page containing the script, will then execute it and assign to it all rights granted to content from TrustedSite. Update (November 2, 2000): A new variant of this vulnerability has been discovered and is addressed in the re-release of patches described in Microsoft Security Bulletin (MS00-060). Please see 'Solution' for the patches

Ipswitch Imail 6.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a large number of connections in which a long Host: header is sent, which causes a thread to crash. IPSwitch IMail is an e-mail server which provides WWW (HTTP) E-mail services. By default this web service resides on port 8181 or 8383. Sending an HTTP request with an extremely long "HOST" field multiple times can cause the system hosting the service to become unresponsive. Each long request "kills" a thread without freeing up the memory used by it. By repeating this request, the system's resources can be used up completely. Ipswitch Imail 6.0 is vulnerable

Check Point Firewall-1 session agent 3.0 through 4.1 generates different error messages for invalid user names versus invalid passwords, which allows remote attackers to determine valid usernames and guess a password via a brute force attack. A vulnerability exists in all versions of the Check Point Session Agent, part of Firewall-1. Session Agent works in such a way that the firewall will establish a connection back to the client machine. Upon doing so, it will prompt for a username, and if the username exists, a password. Upon failure, it will reprompt indefinitely. This allows for a simple brute force attack against the username and password

IIS 4.0 and 5.0 does not properly restrict access to certain types of files when their parent folders have less restrictive permissions, which could allow remote attackers to bypass access restrictions to some files, aka the "File Permission Canonicalization" vulnerability. Due to an error in canonicalization affecting CGI scripts and ISAPI extensions, incorrect permissions may be set for a given file on a web server following a malformed HTTP request. This will allow a user to perform actions on CGI or ISAPI-mapped files, including reading or executing, which would normally be denied. This does not apply to files in virtual folders.The correct file is located, but is concluded to be in a location different from its actual folder. Depending on the exact nature of the malformed URL, the file may inherit the permissions of any parent folder in the file's path

Cisco Gigabit Switch Routers (GSR) with Fast Ethernet / Gigabit Ethernet cards, from IOS versions 11.2(15)GS1A up to 11.2(19)GS0.2 and some versions of 12.0, do not properly handle line card failures, which allows remote attackers to bypass ACLs or force the interface to stop forwarding packets. This could lead to exploitation of vulnerabilities that would normally have been protected by the access control lists. It may also be possible for an attacker to cause an interface on the target GSR to stop forwarding packets, resulting in a denial of service. The evasion of ACLs has to do with optimizations in handling of various packet types and occurs only on the affected interfaces. All versions of IOS greater than 11.2 on GSRs are assumed to be vulnerable

Checkpoint Firewall-1 with the RSH/REXEC setting enabled allows remote attackers to bypass access restrictions and connect to a RSH/REXEC client via malformed connection requests. Check Point Firewall-1 is vulnerable to certain unauthorized connections, caused by sending a specially formatted RSH/REXEC connection request from an external RSH/REXEC server to an internal (protected) RSH/REXEC client. This can only be done if the FireWall-1 administrator specifically enabled RSH/REXEC with stderr-port support in the Properties window. The problem has to do with the pending table used to store state information for when rsh connections are initialized with stderr-port support. The pending table is a Firewall-1 internal memory structure used to hold temporary information about the state of a new connection before it is added to the "connection table", where state information (remote, destination ip addresses and ports, protocol type, etc) for permitted connections is stored. Because of the way data from the pending table is interpreted and certain conditions met by the nature of Firewall-1's handling of the rsh/rexec stderr-port (the acceptance of an additional syn packet), it is possible to collide an entry in the pending table before it is written to the connection table as the stderr-port connection. When stderr connections for rsh/rexec are permitted, information from the first data packet of an rsh connection is stored in the pending table so the firewall can anticipate the stderr syn. The stderr port is extracted from the tcp data segment of this initial data packet. In addition, the source, destination ip addresses and ports are stored, as well as a magic number and the IP protocol code. Firewall-1 then waits for a syn for the stderr connection. When one is recieved, another entry is made into the pending table, only the sequence number + 1 is stored in the place where the IP protocol number would go. If a malicious SYN is crafted with a sequence number of 5 and sent to the Firewall-1 that is expecting a rsh/rexec stderr syn, the sequence number will be stored as 6 in the place where the protocol code (which happened to be 6, for TCP) is for the previous entry. The firewall then checks this and allows this connection to be established regardless of what the port is in the malicious syn. It is then possible for an attacker to communicate with an "rsh client' on an arbitrary port behind the firewall. The impact is that if rsh/rexec stderr-port is permitted, back-connections through the firewall can be established. Checkpoint Firewall-1 with valid RSH/REXEC settings has a vulnerability

Norton AntiVirus 5.00.01C with the Novell Netware client does not properly restart the auto-protection service after the first user has logged off of the system. "Auto-Protection" is a feature that comes with Norton Antivirus that automatically scans all files downloaded, executed, etc. It normally remains active from system bootup to shutdown regardless of who logs in and out of the system. This leaves the system vulnerable to attacks which the auto-protect software may have prevented

An administrative script from IIS 3.0, later included in IIS 4.0 and 5.0, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service by accessing the script without a particular argument, aka the "Absent Directory Browser Argument" vulnerability. Microsoft IIS 3.0 shipped with a number of HTR scripts, one of which could be used to cause a Denial of Service against the hosting machine. Although these scripts were only distributed with IIS 3.0, they would be retained during upgrade to 4.0 or 5.0 and therefore these versions may be vulnerable if they were installed as an upgrade to 3.0. The vulnerable script is used to browse directories and normally expects a directory name as a variable. If a request with this variable blank is received, the script enters an infinite loop resulting in system resource exhaustion. No further details were made available by Microsoft

IIS 4.0 allows remote attackers to obtain the internal IP address of the server via an HTTP 1.0 request for a web page which is protected by basic authentication and has no realm defined. Even if IIS is behind a firewall or NAT, it will disclose the true internal IP address to the remote user. The internal IP address may also be revealed through a HTTP request made with an empty host name. If a PROPFIND HTTP request is made, the message returned will include the IP address as part of the HREF header. The IP address may also be exposed through the WRITE or MKCOL methods, although they would not normally be exposed to the external network. Eg. telnet target 80 Trying target... Connected to target. Escape character is '^]'. HEAD /directory HTTP/1.0[CRLF] [CRLF] HTTP/1.1 401 Access Denied WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="&lt;Internal IP Address&gt;" Content-Length: 644 Content-Type: text/html

Check Point FireWall-1 4.0 and 4.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service by sending a stream of invalid commands (such as binary zeros) to the SMTP Security Server proxy. The Check Point Firewall-1 SMTP Security Server in Firewall-1 4.0 and 4.1 on Windows NT is vulnerable to a simple network-based attack which can increase the firewall's CPU utilization to 100%. According to Check Point Software this only disables mail relay while allowing other firewall operations to continue normally. Vulnerabilities exist in Check Point FireWall-1 versions 4.0 and 4.1

HTTP server for Cisco IOS 11.3 to 12.2 allows attackers to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary commands, when local authorization is being used, by specifying a high access level in the URL. IOS is router firmware developed and distributed by Cisco Systems. IOS functions on numerous Cisco devices, including routers and switches. It is possible to gain full remote administrative access on devices using affected releases of IOS. By using a URL of http://router.address/level/$NUMBER/exec/.... where $NUMBER is an integer between 16 and 99, it is possible for a remote user to gain full administrative access. This problem makes it possible for a remote user to gain full administrative privileges, which may lead to further compromise of the network or result in a denial of service. There is a security issue in versions starting with Cisco IOS 11.3, if it opens the web management interface, it will allow any remote attacker to gain full management rights of the device. The attacker only needs to construct a URL as follows: http://<device_addres>/level/xx/exec/.... where xx is an integer from 16-99. For different devices, this value may be different, but the attacker only needs to test 84 times to find the correct value

Buffer overflow in Norton Antivirus for Exchange (NavExchange) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a .zip file that contains long file names. Norton Antivirus for MS Exchange unzip engine improperly handles zip files attached in e-mails. If NAV for Exchange tries to scan a zip archive containing files with long filenames, it will crash and not scan any further emails until the service is restarted. A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in Norton Antivirus for Exchange (NavExchange)

In some cases, Norton Antivirus for Exchange (NavExchange) enters a "fail-open" state which allows viruses to pass through the server. Norton Antivirus for MS Exchange unzip engine improperly handles zip files attached in e-mails. If NAV for Exchange tries to scan a zip archive containing files with long filenames, it will crash and not scan any further emails until the service is restarted