VARIoT IoT vulnerabilities database

OpenSSL 0.9.6d and earlier, and 0.9.7-beta2 and earlier, does not properly handle ASCII representations of integers on 64 bit platforms, which could allow attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code. A remotely exploitable vulnerability exists in OpenSSL servers that could lead to the execution of arbitrary code on the system. OpenSSL is an open-source implementation of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol. There is a buffer overflow on 64-bit platforms related to the ASCII representation of integers. Remotely exploitable buffer overflow conditions have been reported in OpenSSL. It is possible to overflow these buffers on a vulnerable system if overly large values are submitted by a malicious attacker. It supports a variety of encryption algorithms, including symmetric ciphers, hash algorithms, security hashing algorithm, etc. There is a loophole in the design and implementation of OpenSSL. Under certain circumstances, a remote attacker may use this loophole to cause a denial of service attack on the server or execute arbitrary instructions on the host. OpenSSL Security Advisory [30 July 2002] This advisory consists of two independent advisories, merged, and is an official OpenSSL advisory. Advisory 1 ========== A.L. Digital Ltd and The Bunker (http://www.thebunker.net/) are conducting a security review of OpenSSL, under the DARPA program CHATS. Vulnerabilities --------------- All four of these are potentially remotely exploitable. 1. The client master key in SSL2 could be oversized and overrun a buffer. This vulnerability was also independently discovered by consultants at Neohapsis (http://www.neohapsis.com/) who have also demonstrated that the vulerability is exploitable. Exploit code is NOT available at this time. 2. The session ID supplied to a client in SSL3 could be oversized and overrun a buffer. 3. The master key supplied to an SSL3 server could be oversized and overrun a stack-based buffer. This issues only affects OpenSSL 0.9.7 before 0.9.7-beta3 with Kerberos enabled. 4. The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures project (cve.mitre.org) has assigned the name CAN-2002-0656 to issues 1-2, CAN-2002-0657 to issue 3, and CAN-2002-0655 to issue 4. In addition various potential buffer overflows not known to be exploitable have had assertions added to defend against them. Who is affected? ---------------- Everyone using OpenSSL 0.9.6d or earlier, or 0.9.7-beta2 or earlier or current development snapshots of 0.9.7 to provide SSL or TLS is vulnerable, whether client or server. 0.9.6d servers on 32-bit systems with SSL 2.0 disabled are not vulnerable. SSLeay is probably also affected. Recommendations --------------- Apply the attached patch to OpenSSL 0.9.6d, or upgrade to OpenSSL 0.9.6e. Recompile all applications using OpenSSL to provide SSL or TLS. A patch for 0.9.7 is available from the OpenSSL website (https://www.openssl.org/). Servers can disable SSL2, alternatively disable all applications using SSL or TLS until the patches are applied. Users of 0.9.7 pre-release versions with Kerberos enabled will also have to disable Kerberos. Client should be disabled altogether until the patches are applied. Known Exploits -------------- There are no know exploits available for these vulnerabilities. As noted above, Neohapsis have demonstrated internally that an exploit is possible, but have not released the exploit code. References ---------- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2002-0655 https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2002-0656 https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2002-0657 Acknowledgements ---------------- The project leading to this advisory is sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F30602-01-2-0537. The patch and advisory were prepared by Ben Laurie. Advisory 2 ========== Vulnerabilities --------------- The ASN1 parser can be confused by supplying it with certain invalid encodings. The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures project (cve.mitre.org) has assigned the name CAN-2002-0659 to this issue. Who is affected? ---------------- Any OpenSSL program which uses the ASN1 library to parse untrusted data. This includes all SSL or TLS applications, those using S/MIME (PKCS#7) or certificate generation routines. Recommendations --------------- Apply the patch to OpenSSL, or upgrade to OpenSSL 0.9.6e. Recompile all applications using OpenSSL. Users of 0.9.7 pre-release versions should apply the patch or upgrade to 0.9.7-beta3 or later. Recompile all applications using OpenSSL. Exploits -------- There are no known exploits for this vulnerability. References ---------- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2002-0659 Acknowledgements ---------------- This vulnerability was discovered by Adi Stav <stav@mercury.co.il> and James Yonan <jim@ntlp.com> independently. The patch is partly based on a version by Adi Stav. The patch and advisory were prepared by Dr. Stephen Henson. Combined patches for OpenSSL 0.9.6d: https://www.openssl.org/news/patch_20020730_0_9_6d.txt Combined patches for OpenSSL 0.9.7 beta 2: https://www.openssl.org/news/patch_20020730_0_9_7.txt URL for this Security Advisory: https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv_20020730.txt

Buffer overflows in OpenSSL 0.9.6d and earlier, and 0.9.7-beta2 and earlier, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via (1) a large client master key in SSL2 or (2) a large session ID in SSL3. The DNS stub resolver library in ISC BIND 4.9.2 through 4.9.10 contains buffer overflows in code that handles responses for network name and address requests. Other resolver libraries derived from BIND 4 such as BSD libc, GNU glibc, and those used by System V UNIX systems may also be affected. An attacker could execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the application that made the request or cause a denial of service. This vulnerability is resolved in BIND versions 4.9.11, 8.2.7, 8.3.4, and BIND 9. Based on recent reports, we believe this vulnerability is being actively exploited. OpenSSL is an open-source implementation of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol. A remotely exploitable vulnerability exists in OpenSSL servers that could lead to the execution of arbitrary code on the server. OpenSSL Is OpenSSL On the server SSL version 2.0 ( Less than, SSLv2) The buffer overflow vulnerability is caused by handshake processing. The issue occurs in the handling of the client key value during the negotiation of the SSLv2 protocol. ***UPDATE: A worm that likely exploits this vulnerability has been discovered propagating in the wild. Additionally, this code includes peer-to-peer and distributed denial-of-service capabilities. There have been numerous reports of intrusions in Europe. It is not yet confirmed whether this vulnerability is in OpenSSL, mod_ssl, or another component. Administrators are advised to upgrade to the most recent versions or to disable Apache, if possible, until more information is available. OpenSSL is prone to a buffer-overflow vulnerability involving overly long SSLv3 session IDs. It supports a variety of encryption algorithms, including symmetric ciphers, hash algorithms, security hashing algorithm, etc. OpenSSL Security Advisory [30 July 2002] This advisory consists of two independent advisories, merged, and is an official OpenSSL advisory. Advisory 1 ========== A.L. Digital Ltd and The Bunker (http://www.thebunker.net/) are conducting a security review of OpenSSL, under the DARPA program CHATS. 1. The client master key in SSL2 could be oversized and overrun a buffer. Exploit code is NOT available at this time. 2. 3. This issues only affects OpenSSL 0.9.7 before 0.9.7-beta3 with Kerberos enabled. 4. Various buffers for ASCII representations of integers were too small on 64 bit platforms. The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures project (cve.mitre.org) has assigned the name CAN-2002-0656 to issues 1-2, CAN-2002-0657 to issue 3, and CAN-2002-0655 to issue 4. In addition various potential buffer overflows not known to be exploitable have had assertions added to defend against them. Who is affected? ---------------- Everyone using OpenSSL 0.9.6d or earlier, or 0.9.7-beta2 or earlier or current development snapshots of 0.9.7 to provide SSL or TLS is vulnerable, whether client or server. 0.9.6d servers on 32-bit systems with SSL 2.0 disabled are not vulnerable. SSLeay is probably also affected. Recommendations --------------- Apply the attached patch to OpenSSL 0.9.6d, or upgrade to OpenSSL 0.9.6e. Recompile all applications using OpenSSL to provide SSL or TLS. A patch for 0.9.7 is available from the OpenSSL website (https://www.openssl.org/). Servers can disable SSL2, alternatively disable all applications using SSL or TLS until the patches are applied. Users of 0.9.7 pre-release versions with Kerberos enabled will also have to disable Kerberos. Client should be disabled altogether until the patches are applied. Known Exploits -------------- There are no know exploits available for these vulnerabilities. As noted above, Neohapsis have demonstrated internally that an exploit is possible, but have not released the exploit code. References ---------- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2002-0655 https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2002-0656 https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2002-0657 Acknowledgements ---------------- The project leading to this advisory is sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F30602-01-2-0537. The patch and advisory were prepared by Ben Laurie. Advisory 2 ========== Vulnerabilities --------------- The ASN1 parser can be confused by supplying it with certain invalid encodings. The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures project (cve.mitre.org) has assigned the name CAN-2002-0659 to this issue. Who is affected? ---------------- Any OpenSSL program which uses the ASN1 library to parse untrusted data. This includes all SSL or TLS applications, those using S/MIME (PKCS#7) or certificate generation routines. Recommendations --------------- Apply the patch to OpenSSL, or upgrade to OpenSSL 0.9.6e. Recompile all applications using OpenSSL. Users of 0.9.7 pre-release versions should apply the patch or upgrade to 0.9.7-beta3 or later. Recompile all applications using OpenSSL. References ---------- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2002-0659 Acknowledgements ---------------- This vulnerability was discovered by Adi Stav <stav@mercury.co.il> and James Yonan <jim@ntlp.com> independently. The patch is partly based on a version by Adi Stav. The patch and advisory were prepared by Dr. Stephen Henson. Combined patches for OpenSSL 0.9.6d: https://www.openssl.org/news/patch_20020730_0_9_6d.txt Combined patches for OpenSSL 0.9.7 beta 2: https://www.openssl.org/news/patch_20020730_0_9_7.txt URL for this Security Advisory: https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv_20020730.txt . -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- CERT Summary CS-2002-04 November 26, 2002 Each quarter, the CERT Coordination Center (CERT/CC) issues the CERT Summary to draw attention to the types of attacks reported to our incident response team, as well as other noteworthy incident and vulnerability information. The summary includes pointers to sources of information for dealing with the problems. Past CERT summaries are available from: CERT Summaries http://www.cert.org/summaries/ ______________________________________________________________________ Recent Activity Since the last regularly scheduled CERT summary, issued in August 2002 (CS-2002-03), we have seen trojan horses for three popular distributions, new self-propagating malicious code (Apache/mod_ssl), and multiple vulnerabilities in BIND. In addition, we have issued a new PGP Key. For more current information on activity being reported to the CERT/CC, please visit the CERT/CC Current Activity page. The Current Activity page is a regularly updated summary of the most frequent, high-impact types of security incidents and vulnerabilities being reported to the CERT/CC. The information on the Current Activity page is reviewed and updated as reporting trends change. CERT/CC Current Activity http://www.cert.org/current/current_activity.html 1. Reports received by the CERT/CC indicate that the Apache/mod_ssl worm has already infected thousands of systems. Over a month earlier, the CERT/CC issued an advisory (CA-2002-23) describing four remotely exploitable buffer overflows in OpenSSL. Trojan Horse Sendmail Distribution The CERT/CC has received confirmation that some copies of the source code for the Sendmail package have been modified by an intruder to contain a Trojan horse. These copies began to appear in downloads from the FTP server ftp.sendmail.org on or around September 28, 2002. On October 8, 2002, the CERT/CC issued an advisory (CA-2002-28) describing various methods to verify software authenticity. CERT Advisory CA-2002-28 Trojan Horse Sendmail Distribution http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-2002-28.html 3. Trojan Horse tcpdump and libpcap Distributions The CERT/CC has received reports that some copies of the source code for libpcap, a packet acquisition library, and tcpdump, a network sniffer, have been modified by an intruder and contain a Trojan horse. These modified distributions began to appear in downloads from the HTTP server www.tcpdump.org on or around Nov 11, 2002. The CERT/CC issued an advisory (CA-2002-30) listing MD5 checksums and official distribution sites for libpcap and tcpdump. CERT Advisory CA-2002-30 Trojan Horse tcpdump and libpcap Distributions http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-2002-30.html 4. Multiple Vulnerabilities in BIND The CERT/CC has documented multiple vulnerabilities in BIND, the popular domain name server and client library software package from the Internet Software Consortium (ISC). Several vulnerabilities are referenced in the advisory; they are listed here individually. CERT Advisory CA-2002-31 Multiple Vulnerabilities in BIND http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-2002-31.html Vulnerability Note #852283 Cached malformed SIG record buffer overflow http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/852283 Vulnerability Note #229595 Overly large OPT record assertion http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/229595 Vulnerability Note #581682 ISC Bind 8 fails to properly dereference cache SIG RR elements invalid expiry times from the internal database http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/581682 Vulnerability Note #844360 Domain Name System (DNS) stub resolver libraries vulnerable to buffer overflows via network name or address lookups http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/844360 5. Heap Overflow Vulnerability in Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) On November 21, 2002 the CERT/CC issued an advisory (CA-2002-33) describing a vulnerability in MDAC, a collection of Microsoft utilities and routines that process requests between databases and network applications. CERT Advisory CA-2002-33 Heap Overflow Vulnerability in Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-2002-33.html ______________________________________________________________________ New CERT/CC PGP Key On September 19, the CERT/CC issued a new PGP key, which should be used when sending sensitive information to the CERT/CC. CERT/CC PGP Public Key https://www.cert.org/pgp/cert_pgp_key.asc Sending Sensitive Information To The CERT/CC http://www.cert.org/contact_cert/encryptmail.html ______________________________________________________________________ What's New and Updated Since the last CERT Summary, we have published new and updated * Advisories http://www.cert.org/advisories/ * Congressional Testimony http://www.cert.org/congressional_testimony/ * CERT/CC Statistics http://www.cert.org/stats/cert_stats.html * Home User Security http://www.cert.org/homeusers/HomeComputerSecurity * Tech Tips http://www.cert.org/tech_tips/ * Training Schedule http:/www.cert.org/training/ ______________________________________________________________________ This document is available from: http://www.cert.org/summaries/CS-2002-04.html ______________________________________________________________________ CERT/CC Contact Information Email: cert@cert.org Phone: +1 412-268-7090 (24-hour hotline) Fax: +1 412-268-6989 Postal address: CERT Coordination Center Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890 U.S.A. CERT/CC personnel answer the hotline 08:00-17:00 EST(GMT-5) / EDT(GMT-4) Monday through Friday; they are on call for emergencies during other hours, on U.S. holidays, and on weekends. Using encryption We strongly urge you to encrypt sensitive information sent by email. Our public PGP key is available from http://www.cert.org/CERT_PGP.key If you prefer to use DES, please call the CERT hotline for more information. Getting security information CERT publications and other security information are available from our web site http://www.cert.org/ To subscribe to the CERT mailing list for advisories and bulletins, send email to majordomo@cert.org. Please include in the body of your message subscribe cert-advisory * "CERT" and "CERT Coordination Center" are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. ______________________________________________________________________ NO WARRANTY Any material furnished by Carnegie Mellon University and the Software Engineering Institute is furnished on an "as is" basis. Carnegie Mellon University makes no warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied as to any matter including, but not limited to, warranty of fitness for a particular purpose or merchantability, exclusivity or results obtained from use of the material. Carnegie Mellon University does not make any warranty of any kind with respect to freedom from patent, trademark, or copyright infringement. _________________________________________________________________ Conditions for use, disclaimers, and sponsorship information Copyright \xa92002 Carnegie Mellon University. -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: PGP 6.5.8 iQCVAwUBPePMQWjtSoHZUTs5AQGdxwP9HK4mSF15bMQ9MZ4mMFcLIhvdXykANg8A 6nEIAyB8CJpbuWdP7sPh3qAwaZ9BhRFEGeLakONOpoo7bmjkwAWrJHxF3b1CrgHS ZuKQsgEhnm9wpPdU6w6SG1cJBkwz70b8d7YK0vcVuKhmaW0JOx9OLGKsAe3SFePD OiZbNHX+eb8= =Mnbn -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

setpwnam.c in the util-linux package, as included in Red Hat Linux 7.3 and earlier, and other operating systems, does not properly lock a temporary file when modifying /etc/passwd, which may allow local users to gain privileges via a complex race condition that uses an open file descriptor in utility programs such as chfn and chsh. The util-linux package contains a race condition vulnerability that can be used to elevate privileges on the system. The util-linux package is a set of commonly used system utilities such as 'chfn' and 'chsh'. It is included with many Linux distributions. The condition is related to file locking. Failure to check for the existence of a lockfile prior to sensitive operations may, under specific circumstances, open a window of opportunity for attack. The util-linux utilities often write to sensitive files such as /etc/passwd/. The reported attacks are complex, time dependent and require specific circumstances such as system administrator interaction and a large passwd file. Red Hat Linux is known to ship with util-linux as a core component. Other distributions, those that are derived from Red Hat in particular, may also be vulnerable. It should be noted that the utilities included with the shadow-utils package (shipped with SuSE Linux) are not vulnerable. The util-linux tool contains multiple tools for performing Linux system functions. For example, the \'\'chfn\'\' tool allows users to modify personal information stored in the /etc/passwd file. To modify this file, the application needs to use Install with setuid root privileges. Under certain conditions, by using the complex file lock and modification operation loopholes in the login-utils/setpwnam.c code in the util-linux tool, the carefully constructed attack sequence can be modified by using the race condition loopholes such as the /etc/passwd file. Privilege escalation. However, to successfully exploit this vulnerability and perform privilege escalation requires some interaction with the administrator. In addition, the password file must exceed 4K bytes, and when a local attacker modifies the /etc/passwd file, the modified entry cannot be placed in the last part of the 4K bytes of the password file

The web server for D-Link DP-300 print server allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (hang) via a large HTTP POST request. The DP-303 print server is a hardware device developed by D-LINK and designed to connect to printable shares via Ethernet. It has a built-in WEB interface for management.  The DP-303 print server's WEB interface lacks the correct check when processing extra long POST requests. Remote attackers can use this vulnerability to conduct remote denial of service attacks

Buffer overflow in Lucent Access Point 300, 600, and 1500 Service Routers allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (reboot) via a long HTTP request to the administrative interface. An error has been reported in the embedded HTTP server. It has been reported that sending a HTTP request consisting of approximately 4000 characters of data will cause the device to reboot. This may result in an interruption of service for legitimate users of the device

Administrative web interface for IC9 Pocket Print Server Firmware 7.1.30 and 7.1.36f allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (reboot and reset) via a long password, possibly due to a buffer overflow. IC9 is the Pocket Print Server distributed by SEH. It provides network capability to parallel port printers. A user accessing the web administration interface of a vulnerable device may be able to reboot the print server, and attached printer. This results in a denial of service, as the print server and printer are unavailable during the reboot process. If an attacker can access the WEB management interface and submit password data containing more than 300 bytes to the management interface program for processing, it will cause the printer to crash and the device to restart

Heap-based buffer overflow in the TFTP server capability in Cisco IOS 11.1, 11.2, and 11.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (reset) or modify configuration via a long filename. A problem has been discovered in Cisco IOS and MGX switches that could result in a denial of service, and potential code execution. This overflow results due insufficient bounds checking on requested file names. A request for a file name of 700 or more bytes will result a crash of the router, and reboot of the device. On Cisco MGX switches, the TFTP service will fail but the device will continue to function. Cisco IOS versions 12.0 and later are not prone to this issue. Cisco has assigned Cisco Bug ID CSCdy03429 to this vulnerability. Cisco has announced that some MGX switches are also affected by this issue. Cisco has assigned Cisco Bug ID CSCdy03429 to this vulnerability. Cisco routers are widely used Internet routers developed by CISCO, using the Cisco IOS operating system

Lucent Ascend MAX Router 5.0 and earlier, Lucent Ascend Pipeline Router 6.0.2 and earlier and Lucent DSLTerminator allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information such as hostname, MAC, and IP address of the Ethernet interface via a discard (UDP port 9) packet, which causes the device to leak the information in the response. Several Lucent Router product lines include support for a configuration tool which communicates over UDP on port 9. If a specially crafted packet is sent to some of these devices on UDP port 9, a response is issued which contains sensitive information. This information may be of aid in further attacks against the network or device

HP ProCurve Switch 4000M C.07.23 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via an SNMP write request containing 85 characters, possibly triggering a buffer overflow. HP ProCurve 4000M Switch is a high-performance switch issued by HP.  The HP ProCurve 4000M switch has a problem handling a certain SNMP variable being written. A remote attacker can use this vulnerability to conduct a denial of service attack on the switch

Buffer overflow in the Web Messaging daemon for Ipswitch IMail before 7.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long HTTP GET request for HTTP/1.0. IMail is a commercial email server software package distributed and maintained by Ipswitch, Incorporated. IMail is available for Microsoft Operating Systems. The web messaging server is vulnerable to a buffer overflow. When the server receives a request for HTTP version 1.0, and the total request is 96 bytes or greater, a buffer overflow occurs. This could result in the execution of attacker-supplied instructions, and potentially allow an attacker to gain local access. ** Ipswitch has reported they are unable to reproduce this issue. In addition, Ipswitch has stated that the supplied, third party patch may in fact open additional vulnerabilities in the product. Ipswitch suggests that users do not apply the supplied patch. IMail's Web Messaging daemon lacks proper checks for parameters when processing HTTP/1.0 GET requests. Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability to perform buffer overflow attacks

The default configuration of Mail.app in Mac OS X 10.0 through 10.0.4 and 10.1 through 10.1.5 sends iDisk authentication credentials in cleartext when connecting to Mac.com, which could allow remote attackers to obtain passwords by sniffing network traffic. The iDisk service password is also used by the Mac.com service. Users of both services can use Mail.app to retrieve mail from Mac.com. Authentication credentials for the iDisk service are sent using HTTPS over WebDAV, which ensures that the communications between client and server are encrypted. However, Mail.app does not appear to use the same security measure by default when communicating with Mac.com. While Mail.app can be configured to communicate with mail servers using SSL, this option does not appear to be enabled in the default Mail.app configuration. STARTTLS is supported on the server-side by Mac.com. An attacker may potentially take advantage of this exposure to gain unauthorized access to both Mac.com and iDisk, since the credentials are shared between the two services

Directory traversal vulnerability in GoAhead Web Server 2.1 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a URL with an encoded / (%5C) in a .. (dot dot) sequence. NOTE: it is highly likely that this candidate will be REJECTED because it has been reported to be a duplicate of CVE-2001-0228. GoAhead WebServer is prone to a directory traversal vulnerability

Buffer overflow in HTTP Proxy for Symantec Norton Personal Internet Firewall 3.0.4.91 and Norton Internet Security 2001 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via a large outgoing HTTP request. The condition is reportedly due to an inability to handle large requests. The overflow occurs in kernel memory. It may be possible to execute arbitrary code in this context to compromise the system. The HTTP proxy component included in NPIF lacks correct buffer boundary checks when handling very long hostnames. Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability to perform buffer overflow attacks. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing NPIF's HTTP proxy requests through an internal connection or by attaching a malicious email or instructing the user to connect to a malicious WEB site to download code

Cross-site scripting vulnerability in GoAhead Web Server 2.1 allows remote attackers to execute script as other web users via script in a URL that generates a "404 not found" message, which does not quote the script. A vulnerability has been reported for GoAhead WebServer 2.1. Reportedly, it is possible for attackers to launch cross site scripting attacks against vulnerable systems. GoAhead WebServer includes unsanitized requested URLs when displaying a 404 error page. An attacker may be able to trick a user into following a link which includes malicious script code, and executing the attack

Dynamic VPN Configuration Protocol service (DVCP) in Watchguard Firebox firmware 5.x.x allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a malformed packet containing tab characters to TCP port 4110. A denial of service vulnerability has been reported for WatchGuard Firebox firmware versions 5.x.x. The vulnerability occurs in the DVCP service. WatchGuard Firebox is a firewall for small and medium-sized business offices produced by WatchGuard in the United States. DVCP protocol The protocol used by the WatchGuard Firebox system to transmit IPSec VPN configuration information on the client server. The firewall needs to be restarted to use the DVCP service function again

SoftwareUpdate for MacOS 10.1.x does not use authentication when downloading a software update, which could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by posing as the Apple update server via techniques such as DNS spoofing or cache poisoning, and supplying Trojan Horse updates. A vulnerability has been reported for MacOS X where an attacker may use SoftwareUpdate to install malicious software on the vulnerable system. SoftwareUpdate uses HTTP, without any authentication, to obtain updates from Apple. Any updated packages are installed on the system as the root user. In order to exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must control the machine located at swquery.apple.com, from the perspective of the vulnerable client. It may be possible to create this condition through some known techniques, including DNS cache poisoning and DNS spoofing

SonicWALL firmware before 6.4.0.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via crafted Internet Key Exchange (IKE) response packets, possibly including (1) a large Security Parameter Index (SPI) field, (2) a large number of payloads, or (3) a long payload. Internet Key Exchange (IKE) implementations from several vendors contain buffer overflows and denial-of-service conditions. The buffer overflow vulnerabilities could permit an attacker to execute arbitrary code on a vulnerable system. SonicWALL Firmware is prone to a denial-of-service vulnerability. This is reported to cause the daemon to crash. This issue may be related to the multiple IKE implementation vulnerabilities described in CERT/CC Vulnerability Note VU#287771. Other vendor products are reported to be affected by similar issues. There are currently not enough details available to determine if PGPFreeware is affected by any of these specific issues. This issue was reported in PGPFreeware 7.03 running on Windows NT 4.0 SP6. The Cisco VPN Client is prone to a remotely exploitable buffer overflow condition. It is possible to trigger this condition by sending malformed IKE packets to the client. The overflow occurs when the Security Parameter Index payload of the IKE packet is longer than 16 bytes in length. It is possible that exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability of the client, resulting in a denial of service condition. This issue is reported to be exploitable when the client software is operating in Aggressive Mode during a phase 1 IKE exchange. This vulnerability affects versions of the client on all platforms. When vulnerable clients receive a specific IKE packet with a zero length payload, the VPN client will consume all available processor time. Previous versions of SonicWALL firmware were vulnerable

Cisco Virtual Private Network (VPN) Client 3.5.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a packet with a zero-length payload. Internet Key Exchange (IKE) implementations from several vendors contain buffer overflows and denial-of-service conditions. The buffer overflow vulnerabilities could permit an attacker to execute arbitrary code on a vulnerable system. This is reported to cause the daemon to crash. This issue may be related to the multiple IKE implementation vulnerabilities described in CERT/CC Vulnerability Note VU#287771. Other vendor products are reported to be affected by similar issues. There are currently not enough details available to determine if PGPFreeware is affected by any of these specific issues. This issue was reported in PGPFreeware 7.03 running on Windows NT 4.0 SP6. The Cisco VPN Client is prone to a remotely exploitable buffer overflow condition. It is possible to trigger this condition by sending malformed IKE packets to the client. The overflow occurs when the Security Parameter Index payload of the IKE packet is longer than 16 bytes in length. It is possible that exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability of the client, resulting in a denial of service condition. This issue is reported to be exploitable when the client software is operating in Aggressive Mode during a phase 1 IKE exchange. This vulnerability affects versions of the client on all platforms. When vulnerable clients receive a specific IKE packet with a zero length payload, the VPN client will consume all available processor time. The Cisco bug ID for these vulnerabilities is CSCdy26045

Buffer overflow in NetScreen-Remote 8.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via crafted Internet Key Exchange (IKE) response packets, possibly including (1) a large Security Parameter Index (SPI) field, (2) large number of payloads, or (3) a long payload. Internet Key Exchange (IKE) implementations from several vendors contain buffer overflows and denial-of-service conditions. The buffer overflow vulnerabilities could permit an attacker to execute arbitrary code on a vulnerable system. This is reported to cause the daemon to crash. This issue may be related to the multiple IKE implementation vulnerabilities described in CERT/CC Vulnerability Note VU#287771. Other vendor products are reported to be affected by similar issues. There are currently not enough details available to determine if PGPFreeware is affected by any of these specific issues. This issue was reported in PGPFreeware 7.03 running on Windows NT 4.0 SP6. The Cisco VPN Client is prone to a remotely exploitable buffer overflow condition. It is possible to trigger this condition by sending malformed IKE packets to the client. The overflow occurs when the Security Parameter Index payload of the IKE packet is longer than 16 bytes in length. It is possible that exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability of the client, resulting in a denial of service condition. This issue is reported to be exploitable when the client software is operating in Aggressive Mode during a phase 1 IKE exchange. This vulnerability affects versions of the client on all platforms. When vulnerable clients receive a specific IKE packet with a zero length payload, the VPN client will consume all available processor time. < *Link: http://www.netscreen.com/support/alerts/9_6_02.htm* >

Cisco ONS15454 optical transport platform running ONS 3.1.0 to 3.2.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (reset) by sending IP packets with non-zero Type of Service (TOS) bits to the Timing Control Card (TCC) LAN interface. The ONS15454 is an optical network platform manufactured and distributed by Cisco. Under some circumstances, it may be possible to stop the ONS15454 from handling traffic. The receipt of this type of packet via the TCC interface causes the reset of the TCC interface. Solaris 9 is a UNIX operating system developed by Sun, which includes the rcp program for remote copying between hosts. The rcp program does not perform correct boundary checks when processing parameter data submitted by users. Local attackers can exploit this vulnerability to carry out buffer overflow attacks. There is a loophole in rcp's processing of super long command line parameters. The user submits a file name exceeding 10,000 bytes, and the destination host name and destination file name are used as parameters for the rcp program to execute, which may cause buffer overflow. Because rcp runs as suid root in the system Attribute installation, carefully constructed parameter data may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary instructions on the system with root privileges